Hepsinin hedefi, klasik e\u011fitime eri\u015femeyen b\u00fcy\u00fck kitlelerin istedikleri e\u011fitimi bulunduklar\u0131 yerden ve istedikleri vakitte alabilmelerini sa\u011flamak.<\/p>\n
Covid-19 salg\u0131n\u0131yla hayat\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n merkezine yerle\u015fen \u201cuzaktan e\u011fitim\u201d, salg\u0131n bittikten sonra da \u00e7ok say\u0131da platform arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla e\u011fitim sisteminin i\u00e7indeki yerini sa\u011flamla\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131. <\/p>\n
Her kademe seviyesinde haz\u0131rlanan e\u011fitim platformlar\u0131, \u00f6\u011frencinin t\u00fcm gereksinimlerine yan\u0131t vermeyi ama\u00e7l\u0131yor. Kimi \u00fcniversiteler derslerde yapay zek\u00e2 takviyeli milletleraras\u0131 dijital platformlar\u0131 kullan\u0131yor. Bir\u00e7ok e\u011fitim platformunda ki\u015fisel ve k\u00fcme dersleri veriliyor, lise ve \u00fcniversite giri\u015f imtihanlar\u0131na haz\u0131rl\u0131k yap\u0131l\u0131yor. \u00d6\u011frencilerin akademik ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131 takip ediliyor, gerekti\u011finde \u00f6zel g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmeler yap\u0131l\u0131yor, ferdi muhta\u00e7l\u0131k ve isteklere nazaran ders programlar\u0131 d\u00fczenleniyor. <\/p>\n
K\u0130TLESEL A\u00c7IK DERSLER <\/b><\/p>\n
Prof. Dr. Erhan Erkut, \u201cSistem \u00e7aresiz e\u011fitim sizde\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 kitab\u0131nda, kitlesel a\u00e7\u0131k \u00e7evrimi\u00e7i derslerle ilgili \u015funlar\u0131 s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor: <\/p>\n
\u201c\u0130ngilizcedeki k\u0131saltmas\u0131 MOOC (Massive Open Online Courses) olan \u2018Kitlesel A\u00e7\u0131k \u00c7evrimi\u00e7i Dersler\u2019, asl\u0131nda e\u011fitimde teknoloji kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n birinci yayg\u0131n \u00f6rneklerinden biridir. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde en b\u00fcy\u00fck MOOC hizmeti sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n ortaya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015flar\u0131 ise 2001 y\u0131l\u0131nda MIT\u2019nin \u2018OpenCourseWare\u2019 projesi ile oldu. <\/p>\n
\u00dcCRETS\u0130Z A\u00c7ILDI <\/b><\/p>\n
MIT b\u00fcy\u00fck ses getiren bu projeyle t\u00fcm lisans ve y\u00fcksek lisans derslerinde kullan\u0131lan e\u011fitim gere\u00e7lerini herkese fiyats\u0131z olarak a\u00e7t\u0131. 2018 prestijiyle 2 bin 400 derse \u00e7evrimi\u00e7i ula\u015f\u0131m m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu. \u00c7a\u011fda\u015f (\u00f6\u011fretim \u00fcyesi taraf\u0131ndan y\u00f6netilen) MOOC\u2019lar\u0131n sahneye \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f y\u0131l\u0131 ise 2011\u2019dir. Stanford\u2019da \u00fc\u00e7 ders fiyats\u0131z olarak t\u00fcm d\u00fcnyaya a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131: 2021 prestijiyle Coursera\u2019da 200\u2019\u00fcn \u00fczerinde se\u00e7ilmi\u015f \u00fcniversite bir devirlik dersler veriyor. Birtak\u0131m dersler birle\u015ftirilerek diploma programlar\u0131 olu\u015fturmu\u015f. 2 bin \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan\u0131, 73 milyon kullan\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 ve 2.5 milyar dolarl\u0131k \u015firket de\u011ferlemesiyle Coursera b\u00fcy\u00fck bir e\u011fitim teknolojileri (EdTech) \u015firketi. Stanford\u2019dan \u00e7\u0131kan Coursera\u2019n\u0131n do\u011fu yakas\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 say\u0131labilecek, Harvard ve MIT taraf\u0131ndan kurulan ve 2021\u2019de 2U \u015firketine 800 milyon dolara sat\u0131lan edX\u2019te ise 150\u2019nin \u00fczerinde \u00fcniversite 3 binin \u00fczerinde ders veriyor ve yeniden kimi dersler bir diploma program\u0131 alt\u0131nda birle\u015ftirilmi\u015f. Bu sistemin 33 milyon kullan\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 var. Coursera ve edX\u2019in \u00fcniversite \u00f6\u011frencilerine hitap etmesine kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k, Udacity profesyonellere mesleksel e\u011fitim veren bir platform.\u201d <\/p>\n
HEDEFLER NELER?<\/b><\/p>\n
Prof. Erkut\u2019a nazaran, birinci y\u0131llarda MOOC kervan\u0131na kat\u0131lan \u00fcniversitelerin temel gayeleri \u015funlard\u0131:<\/p>\n
1. Kurumun uzanabilece\u011fi alan\u0131 ve e\u011fitime ula\u015f\u0131m\u0131 geni\u015fletmek<\/p>\n
\u2022 Global bir toplulu\u011fa eri\u015febilmek<\/p>\n
\u2022 Artan \u00fcniversite talebine kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k veremeyecek olan fizik\u00ee altyap\u0131n\u0131n getirdi\u011fi k\u0131s\u0131tlardan kurtulmak<\/p>\n
\u2022 Talebin arz\u0131 a\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 program yahut derslerdeki s\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 gidermek<\/p>\n
\u2022 \u00d6zel yahut ni\u015f alanlarda uzmanla\u015fm\u0131\u015f hocalara eri\u015fimi art\u0131rmak<\/p>\n
\u2022 \u00d6\u011frenme yer ve vaktinde esneklik sa\u011flamak<\/p>\n
\u2022 Ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131zl\u0131k m\u00fcmk\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc y\u00fcksek \u00f6\u011frencilere risksiz ve d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck maliyetli bir \u00f6\u011frenme f\u0131rsat\u0131 sunarak mezun olma ihtimallerini art\u0131rmak<\/p>\n
\u2022 \u00d6\u011frencilerin farkl\u0131 kurumlardan dersler alarak kendi programlar\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturmalar\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamak<\/p>\n
\u2022 Mezunlar ve \u00f6b\u00fcr \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar i\u00e7in hayat uzunlu\u011fu e\u011fitim f\u0131rsatlar\u0131 sunmak<\/p>\n
2. Marka olu\u015fturmak ve geli\u015ftirmek<\/p>\n
3.Maliyetleri azaltarak yahut gelirleri art\u0131rarak finansal durumlar\u0131n\u0131 iyile\u015ftirmek<\/p>\n
\u2022 Ders gere\u00e7lerinin tekrar kullan\u0131m\u0131<\/p>\n
\u2022 Ders gere\u00e7lerinin hocalar, hatta okullar ortas\u0131nda payla\u015f\u0131m\u0131<\/p>\n
\u2022 Bir\u00e7ok okulda verilebilecek ortak derslerin geli\u015ftirilmesi<\/p>\n
\u2022 Y\u00fcz y\u00fcze derslerin yerini almas\u0131<\/p>\n
\u2022 Hocalar i\u00e7in vakitten tasarruf <\/p>\n
\u2022 Bina ve s\u0131n\u0131f muhta\u00e7l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n azalmas\u0131 <\/p>\n
\u2022 Uzak uzakl\u0131ktan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fabilecek hocalar\u0131n tak\u0131ma al\u0131nabilmesi<\/p>\n
\u2022 E\u011fitimden yararlanan \u00f6\u011frenci say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n artmas\u0131<\/p>\n
\u2022 Kredi vererek fiyat alabilmek<\/p>\n
\u2022 Fiyatl\u0131 yeni derslerin ve programlar\u0131n olu\u015fturulmas\u0131<\/p>\n
\u2022 Bir derse kat\u0131lan \u00f6\u011frencilerin diploma programlar\u0131na \u00e7ekilmesi<\/p>\n
4. Hem MOOC i\u015ftirak\u00e7ileri hem de dersleri yerle\u015fkede alan kendi \u00f6\u011frencileri i\u00e7in daha \u00e2l\u00e2 \u00f6\u011frenme \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131lar\u0131na ula\u015fmak<\/p>\n
\u2022 Hocalar\u0131 pedagojiyi yine d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmeye motive etmek<\/p>\n
\u2022 Derslerin yine tasarlanmas\u0131<\/p>\n
\u2022 Dersi alanlara s\u00fcratli geribildirim<\/p>\n
\u2022 Motivasyonu geli\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in oyunla\u015ft\u0131rma ve \u00f6d\u00fcllendirme<\/p>\n
\u2022 Uyarlanabilir \u00f6\u011frenme, ferdile\u015ftirme, tam \u00f6\u011frenme<\/p>\n
5. \u00d6\u011frenme ve \u00f6\u011fretmede yenilik\u00e7ilik<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Uzaktan e\u011fitim uygulamalar\u0131, d\u00fcnyada da T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de de \u201cmektupla \u00f6\u011fretim\u201d ile ba\u015flam\u0131\u015f. D\u00fcnyada birinci uygulamalar 18. y\u00fczy\u0131lda \u0130ngiltere ve Amerika\u2019da yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 ise 1961 y\u0131l\u0131nda Ulusal E\u011fitim Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan \u201cMektupla \u00d6\u011fretim Merkezi\u201dnin kurulmas\u0131 olmu\u015f. \u201cMektupla Y\u00fcksek \u00f6\u011fretim Merkezi\u201d, \u201cYayg\u0131n Y\u00fcksek \u00f6\u011fretim Kurumu, \u201cA\u00e7\u0131k \u00f6\u011fretim Fak\u00fcltesi, \u201cA\u00e7\u0131k Lise\u201d, \u201cA\u00e7\u0131k \u0130lk\u00f6\u011fretim Okulu\u201d…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":37737,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[77],"tags":[244,2498,171,123,99],"yoast_head":"\n